By about 600 BC all cities in Ancient Greece would have had an agora near their center.
A market place as well as a meeting place, the agora was usually a rectangular space surrounded by buildings and frequented by politicians, traders, aristocrats, scientists and slaves. Along one edge was the ‘stoa’, a long covered walkway with shops located in it, where more expensive items could be purchased than those found on the traders’ stalls.
Farmers brought their produce to the agora and set up stalls selling meat, fish, fruits, vegetables, cheeses, eggs, honey, and wine. Cattle and grain were also traded, as were more exotic items such as gems, silks, wool, and, of course, slaves. A hive of activity, craftsmen would ply their trade and moneychangers and bankers would carry out their business. ‘Shopping’ at the agora was conducted by men and their household slaves, not by women.
The agora was also a focus for cultural and community activity. Political debate, theater, and musical performances would draw citizens in as they fraternized with friends and business associates. It also served as a labor exchange as employers mixed with men looking for work. Although it was a predominantly male environment, women were allowed to use the agora’s public fountains to collect water.
Contribution to Retail History
Defined as the open place of assembly, the agora was the precursor to the town centre and exemplified the social behavior and importance of how societies have always come together for entertainment and commercial activity.